CONTENTS

�1���� Definitions
������� 1.1���� Baseband
������� 1.2���� Baseband bandwidth
������� 1.3���� Bandwidth expansion ratio
������� 1.4���� Out-of-band spectrum (of an emission)
������ 1.5 �����Permissible out-of-band spectrum (of an emission)
������ 1.6 �����Out-of-band power (of an emission)
������ 1.7 �����Permissible out-of-band power
������ 1.8 �����x dB bandwidth
������ 1.9 �����Build-up time of a telegraph signal
������ 1.10���� Relative build-up time of a telegraph signal
������ 1.11���� Modulation rate
2���� Emission of a transmitter, optimum from the standpoint of spectrum efficiency
3���� Limits for out-of-band emissions
4���� Calculation of emitted spectra
������� 4.1���� Approximation of out-of-band spectra envelopes for analytical calculations
5���� Reduction of interference due to unwanted emissions at transmitters
Annex� 1 � Considerations for emissions designated Type A
�1
���� Classes of emission A1A and A1B with fluctuations
������� 1.1���� Necessary bandwidth
������� 1.2���� Shape of the spectrum envelope
������� 1.3���� Occupied bandwidth
������� 1.4���� Out-of-band spectrum
������� 1.5���� Build-up time of the signal
������� 1.6���� Adjacent-channel interference
2���� Classes of emission A1A and A1B without fluctuations
3���� Shaping of the telegraph signal by means of filters
4���� Classes of emission A2A and A2B
������� 4.1���� Necessary bandwidth
������� 4.2���� Out-of-band spectrum
5���� Amplitude-modulated radiotelephone emission, excluding emissions for sound broadcasting
������� 5.1���� Type of modulation signal and adjustment of the input signal level
������� 5.2���� Extract from ITU-T Recommendation G.227
������� 5.3���� Class of emission A3E double-sideband telephony
����������������� 5.3.1���� Necessary bandwidth
����������������� 5.3.2���� Power within the necessary band
����������������� 5.3.3���� Out-of-band spectrum
����������������� 5.3.4���� Relationships between the 0 dB reference level for determining the out-of-band spectrum and the levels of other spectral components of the emission
������� 5.4���� Single-sideband, classes of emission R3E, H3E and J3E (reduced, full or suppressed carrier) and independent-sideband class of emission B8E
����������������� 5.4.1���� Necessary bandwidth
����������������� 5.4.2���� Power within the necessary band
����������������� 5.4.3 �����Out-of-band spectrum for class of emission B8E; four telephony channels simultaneously active
6���� Amplitude-modulated emissions for sound broadcasting
������� 6.1���� Type of modulation signal and adjustment of the input signal level, class of emission A3EGN, sound broadcasting
������� 6.2���� Noise signal for modulating the signal generators (extract from Recommendation ITU‑R BS.559, � 1.3)
������� 6.3���� Class of emission A3E, double-sideband sound broadcasting
����������������� 6.3.1���� Necessary bandwidth
����������������� 6.3.2���� Power within the necessary band
� ����������������6.3.3���� Out-of-band spectrum
����������������� 6.3.4���� Relationship between the 0 dB reference level for determining the out-of-band spectrum and the levels of other spectral components of the emission
Annex� 2 � Considerations for emissions designated Types B and R
�1
���� Shape of the spectrum envelope for class B8E and class R7J emissions modulated with white noise
������� 1.1���� The tests described in item 1 of Table 3
������� 1.2���� The tests described in item 2 of Table 3
� ������1.3���� The tests described in item 3 of Table 3
Annex� 3 � Considerations for emissions designated Type F
�1
���� Class of emission F1B
������� 1.1���� Necessary bandwidth
������� 1.2���� Shape of the spectrum envelope
����������������� 1.2.1���� Telegraph signal consisting of reversals with zero build-up time
����������������� 1.2.2���� Periodic telegraph signals with finite build-up time
��������������� ��1.2.3���� Non-periodic telegraph signal with finite build-up time
������� 1.3���� Out-of-band power and occupied bandwidth
������� 1.4���� Shaping of the telegraph signal by means of filters
������� 1.5���� Adjacent-channel interference
������� 1.6���� Build-up time of the signal
������� 1.7���� Bandwidth occupied, for unshaped signals
������� 1.8���� Out-of-band spectrum
2���� Frequency-modulated emissions for sound broadcasting and radiocommunications
������� 2.1���� Class of emission F3E, monophonic sound broadcasting
����������������� 2.1.1���� Necessary bandwidth
����������������� 2.1.2���� Out-of-band spectrum of class F3E emissions modulated by noise
������� 2.2���� Classes of emission F8E and F9E, stereophonic sound broadcasting
����������������� 2.2.1���� Necessary bandwidth
������� 2.3���� Class of emission F3E, narrow-band radiocommunications
3���� Frequency-modulated multi-channel emissions employing frequency division multiplex (FDM)
������� 3.1���� Necessary bandwidth
������� 3.2���� Shape of the spectrum envelope
������� 3.3���� Out-of-band power
Annex� 4 � Considerations for emissions designated Type G
�1
���� Class of emission G1B (single channel phase modulation telegraphy)
������� 1.1���� Necessary bandwidth
������� 1.2���� Out-of-band spectrum
Annex� 5 - Considerations for emissions designated Type J
�1
���� Single-sideband and independent-sideband amplitude-modulated emissions for telephony and multi‑channel voice-frequency telegraphy
������� 1.1���� Introduction
������� 1.2���� Shape of the spectrum envelope for class J3E and class J7B emissions modulated with white noise
����������������� 1.2.1���� The tests described in item 1 of Table 8
����������������� 1.2.2���� The tests described in item 2 of Table 8
����������������� 1.2.3���� The tests described in item 3 of Table 8
����������������� 1.2.4���� The tests described in item 4 of Table 8
����������������� 1.2.5���� The tests described in item 5 of Table 8
2���� Class of emission J3E, single-sideband sound broadcasting
Annex� 6 � Digital phase modulation
�1
���� Binary phase shift keying (BPSK) and quartenary phase shift keying (QPSK)
������� 1.1���� Description of the scheme
������� 1.2���� Power spectra and approximation of occupied bandwidth
������� 1.3���� Influence of the pulse shaping function
������� 1.4���� Practical implementation
2���� Continuous phase modulation (CPM)
������� 2.1���� System description
������� 2.2���� Spectrum
������� 2.3���� Occupied bandwidth
3���� Gaussian minimum shift keying (GMSK)
������� 3.1���� Basic formulae
����������������� 3.1.1���� Filtering
����������������� 3.1.2���� Output phase
����������������� 3.1.3���� Modulation
������� 3.2���� Properties and characteristics
����������������� 3.2.1� ���Spectrum
����������������� 3.2.2���� Occupied bandwidth
����������������� 3.2.3���� Eye diagrams
������� 3.3���� Practical considerations
4���� M-ary QAM, p/4 QPSK and p/4 DQPSK modulations
������� 4.1���� M-ary QAM modulation
����������������� 4.1.1���� Modulated signal
����������������� 4.1.2���� Power spectral density
����������������� 4.1.3���� Bandwidth
������� 4.2���� p/4 QPSK and p/4 DQPSK modulations
����������������� 4.2.1���� Modulated signal
����������������� 4.2.2���� Power spectral density
����������������� 4.2.3���� Bandwidth
5���� Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM)
������� 5.1���� The basic idea
������� 5.2���� OFDM modulation scheme
������� 5.3���� An OFDM system
������� 5.4���� Useful data carriers
������� 5.5���� Spectrum characteristics
������� 5.6���� Influence of non‑linearities
6���� Spread spectrum
Annex� 7 � Reduction of interference due to unwanted emissions at transmitters
�1
���� Transmitter architecture
2���� Filtering
3���� Modulation techniques
4���� Linearization
������� 4.1���� Predistortion
������� 4.2���� Feed-forward
������� 4.3���� Feedback
������� 4.4���� Modulation feedback
������� 4.5���� The Polar Loop technique
������� 4.6���� The Cartesian Loop technique
������� 4.7���� Summary