CONTENTS

�1���� Introduction
2���� Tropospheric effects
������� 2.1���� Attenuation
������� 2.2���� Scintillation
3���� Ionospheric effects
4���� Shadowing
������� 4.1���� Roadside tree-shadowing model
����������������� 4.1.1���� Calculation of fading due to shadowing by roadside trees
����������������� 4.1.2���� Fade duration distribution model
����������������� 4.1.3���� Non-fade duration distribution model
������� 4.2���� Roadside building-shadowing model
������� 4.3���� Special consideration of hand-held terminals (user blockage)
5�� ��Multipath models for clear line-of-sight conditions
������� 5.1���� Multipath in a mountain environment
������� 5.2���� Multipath in a roadside tree environment
6���� Statistical model for mixed propagation conditions
7���� Satellite diversity
������� 7.1���� Uncorrelated case
������� 7.2���� Correlated case
����������������� 7.2.1���� Quantification of the shadowing cross-correlation coefficient in urban areas
����������������� 7.2.2���� Availability calculations