Policy on Intellectual Property Right (IPR)
�1���� Introduction
������� 1.1���� Definition and
general requirements of a radio quiet zone
������� 1.2���� Overview of
the characteristics of radio astronomy instruments in relation to protection
from radio-frequency interference
������� 1.3���� Overview of
the characteristics of the electromagnetic environment
����������������� 1.3.1���� Sources
of RFI � Intentional radiators and unintentional radiators
����������������� 1.3.2���� Regulatory
controls of RFI: role of regulation
������� 1.4���� Goals of
creating a RQZ
�2���� Characteristics of radio
astronomy instruments relevant to RQZ
������� 2.1���� Geographic
considerations
������� 2.2���� Frequency
range
������� 2.3���� Modes of
operation
������� 2.4���� Sensitivity
������� 2.5���� Effect of RFI
on RAS observations
������� 2.6���� Geometric
considerations
�3���� The electromagnetic
environment
������� 3.1���� Intentional
radiators
����������������� 3.1.1���� Licensed
radio devices
����������������� 3.1.2���� Class-licensed
(unlicensed) radio devices
����������������� 3.1.3���� Spacecraft-
and aircraft-based radio transmitters
������� 3.2���� Unintentional
radiators
����������������� 3.2.1���� Industrial,
scientific, medical
����������������� 3.2.2��� �Vehicles
����������������� 3.2.3���� Power
lines
����������������� 3.2.4���� Electrical
and electronic equipment
����������������� 3.2.5���� Cumulative
interference, the noise floor and its increase with time
������� 3.3���� Propagation of
RFI signals
�� ���������������3.3.1���� Free-space
����������������� 3.3.2���� Diffraction
����������������� 3.3.3���� Gaseous
absorption and rain attenuation
����������������� 3.3.4���� Ducting
and other enhancement mechanisms
����������������� 3.3.5���� Reflection
and scattering
�4���� Methods to achieve an RQZ
������� 4.1���� Receive-side
Methods
����������������� 4.1.1���� Geographic
location
����������������� 4.1.2���� Site
shielding
������� 4.2���� Transmit-side
Methods � Managing an RQZ
����������������� 4.2.1���� Legislative
and regulatory control
����������������� 4.2.2���� Alternative
technologies and network design
�5���� Implications in
establishing an RQZ
������� 5.1���� Maintenance of
RQZs
������� 5.2���� Increase in
capabilities
������� 5.3���� Life of a facility
������� 5.4���� Evolution in
the EMC environment
�6���� References
Annex 1� Characteristics of radio quiet zones: Mexico�s
quiet zone around the large millimetre telescope (LMT)
�1���� The Zona de silencio
around the Gran Telescopio Milimetrico (GTM) or Large Millimetre Telescope
(LMT)
Annex 2� Characteristics of radio quiet zones: the US
National radio quiet zone
�1���� The US National Radio
Quiet Zone
Annex 3� Characteristics of radio quiet zones: the ALMA
radio quiet zone in Chile
�1���� The Radio Quiet and Radio
Coordination Zones around ALMA and other telescopes in northern Chile
Appendix 1 to Annex 3� English language text of
Resolution 1055
Modifies permit for Limited Telecommunications Service
Annex 4� Characteristics of radio quiet zones: the
radio coordination zone around the Arecibo telescope in Puerto Rico
�1���� The coordination zone
around the Arecibo Telescope
Annex 5� Radio notification zones around existing
radio� astronomical facilities in Australia
Appendix 1 to Annex 5� Australian radio-frequency
spectrum plan footnote AUS87
�1���� Frequency assignments
survey: 1 250-1 780 MHz
�2���� Frequency assignments
survey: 2 200‑2 550 MHz
�3���� Frequency assignments
survey: 4 350‑6 700 MHz
�4���� Frequency assignments
survey: 8-9.2 GHz
�5���� Frequency assignments
survey 16‑26 GHz
Annex 6� A radio quiet zone in Western Australia
�1���� A radio quiet zone in WA
Appendix 1 to Annex 6� A radio quiet zone for Western
Australia
Radio astronomy receiver antenna
Receiver degradation levels
Diffraction
Appendix 2 to Annex 6� Band usage survey
Appendix 3 to Annex 6� Map images of zones
Appendix 4 to Annex 6� Frequency assignments within the
RQZ
Appendix 5 to Annex 6� Notes
regarding condition to manage radio-frequency emissions around the future
square kilometre array radio-telescope area
�1���� The facility and tenements
�2���� Implications of mineral
resource activities for the radio telescope operations
Attachment 1� (to Appendix 5 to Annex 6)� Guidelines
for assessment of proposed work� within the MRO file notification area
Attachment 2� (to Appendix 5 to Annex 6)� Required
components of an Activity Plan
Attachment 3� (to Appendix 5 to Annex 6)� Propagation
calculations
Appendix 6 to Annex 6� RFI Standards for equipment to
be deployed on the MRO
Annex 7� Characteristics of radio quiet zones:
protection of the IRAM 30 m radio telescope in Spain
�1���� Actions taken by the
administration of Spain to protect the IRAM 30 m telescope operating in
the Sierra Nevada near Granada
Annex 8� Spectrum protection criteria for the square
kilometre array (SKA)
�1���� Introduction
�2���� SKA RQZ requirements
�3���� Protection levels for the
SKA
�4���� Conclusions
References
Appendix 1 to Annex 8� General example of an RQZ
implementation
�1���� Central Region
�2���� Remote stations
�3���� RFI originating beyond the
RQZs
�4���� Establishment of RQZs
Appendix 2 to Annex 8� Propagation studies, RFI
characterisation� and data acquisition
�1���� Propagation Studies
�2���� Computerized predictions
�3���� Location and
characterization of potential RFI sources.
�4���� RFI database
�5���� Field measurements
�6���� Potential future RFI
�7���� Illustration of RQZ for
the Australia SKA candidate site
Annex 9� Characteristics of the radio coordination zone
around the Itapetinga radio telescope
�1���� The coordination zone
around Itapetinga radio telescope
Annex 10� Establishment of Astronomy Geographic
Advantage Areas in the Republic of South Africa for the protection of
radio astronomy observations
�1�� ��Background
�2���� Protection threshold
levels
������� 2.1���� Introduction
������� 2.2���� Existing
protection mechanisms
������� 2.3���� South African
Radio Astronomy Service protection levels
�3���� Establishment of
protection mechanisms
������� 3.1�� ��Introduction
������� 3.2���� Protected
areas
����������������� 3.2.1���� Case
Study � South Africa
Annex 11� Radio quiet zone � Pushchino Radio
Astronomу Observatory of the Astro Space Centre in the Physics Institute
of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Annex 12� Studies of the emission management zone
around the Dominion Radio Astrophysical Observatory, Penticton, Canada
�1���� Introduction
�2���� The Dominion Radio
Astrophysical Observatory
�3���� The need for a study
�4���� The study
������� 4.1���� Path loss
measurement and calculations
����������������� 4.1.1���� The
hardware
����������������� 4.1.2���� Measurements
����������������� 4.1.3���� Modelling
propagation path losses
����������������� 4.1.4���� Conclusions
������� 4.2���� Domestic radio
emissions
����������������� 4.2.1���� The
problem
����������������� 4.2.2���� Unwanted
emissions from a single device
����������������� 4.2.3���� Unwanted
emissions from a community
����������������� 4.2.4���� Conclusion
Annex 13� Proposed radio quiet zones around
Five-hundred-meter aperture spherical radio telescope in China
�1���� Background
�2���� Proposed RQZ around FAST
������� 2.1���� Restriction
and coordination zone
������� 2.2���� Protection and
coordination level
������� 2.3���� Transmitters
which are required to coordinate